Preparation and characterization of functionalized graphene oxide/carbon fiber/epoxy nanocomposites

Graphene oxide (GO) was functionalized using three different diamines, namely ethylenediamine (EDA), 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS) and p-phenylenediamine (PPD) to reinforce an epoxy adhesive, with the aim of improving the bonding strength of carbon fiber/epoxy composite. The chemical structure of the functionalized GO (FGO) nanosheets was characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and XRD. Hand lay-up, as a simple method, was applied for 3-ply composite fabrication. In the sample preparation, the fiber-to-resin ratio of 40:60 (w:w) and fiber orientations of 0°, 90°, and 0° were used. The GO and FGO nanoparticles were first dispersed in the epoxy resin, and then the GO and FGO reinforced epoxy (GO- or FGO-epoxy) were directly introduced into the carbon fiber layers to improve the mechanical properties. The GO and FGO contents varied in the range of 0.1–0.5 wt%. Results showed that the mechanical properties, in terms of tensile and flexural properties, were mainly dependent on the type of GO functionalization followed by the percentage of modified GO. As a result, both the tensile and flexural strengths are effectively enhanced by the FGOs addition. The tensile and flexural moduli are also increased by the FGO filling in the epoxy resin due to the excellent elastic modulus of FGO. The optimal FGO content for effectively improving the overall composite mechanical performance was found to be 0.3 wt%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the failure mechanism of carbon fibers pulled out from the epoxy matrix contributed to the enhancement of the mechanical performance of the epoxy. These results show that diamine FGOs can strengthen the interfacial bonding between the carbon fibers and the epoxy adhesive.     

基于配位键和次级作用力协同效应构建的两个Co (Ⅱ)/Cd (Ⅱ)配位超分子网络的结构及荧光性质

以3-羧基-1-（4-羧基苄基）吡啶溴酸盐（（H₂L） Br）分别与Co （Ⅱ）和Cd （Ⅱ）金属盐反应,制备了2个配合物[Co （L）₂（H₂O）₄]·2H₂O （1）和[Cd （L）2（H₂O）]·3H₂O （2）。晶体结构分析揭示配合物1是一个中性的单核配合物,其拥有丰富的并可作为超分子合成子的氢键和π-π作用力组分。对于1,单核的[Co （L）₂（H₂O）₄]实体首先通过氢键形成具有孔道结构的二维层,该二维层进一步通过π-π堆积作用形成三维的多孔配位超分子。配合物2具有一维的“之”字形链状结构,该链通过悬挂的L配体之间的π-π作用力形成一维梯形结构。该一维梯形链进一步通过梯形边之间存在的2种π-π堆积作用形成波浪状的二维层。二维层进一步通过8种类型的O—H…O氢键连接形成三维的超分子结构。根据拓扑的观点,配合物2中的一维链采取胶合板排列。此外,配合物2显示了强的紫外荧光发射,平均寿命为2.54 ns。     

Ni(OH)2修饰的三聚氰胺泡沫用于可压缩超级电容器电极

通过化学镀和电化学镀的方法制备了一种Ni(OH)₂电化学活性材料修饰三聚氰胺泡沫(MF)可压缩骨架的超级电容器电极材料MF/Ni(OH)₂。MF/Ni(OH)₂可压缩电极材料表现出最佳的电容性能,例如循环稳定性(即使在40 mA/cm^-3的电流密度下经过2000次充放电循环后,可压缩电极仍能保持90.63%的初始电容)和可压缩稳定性(即使在压缩率为50%时,仍具有97.88%的电容保持率)。层状可压缩超级电容器由MF/Ni(OH)₂弹性材料作为阳极,镍/碳(Ni/C)为阴极以及实验室中常用的滤纸作隔膜材料组成。这种超级电容器装置在不同的压缩下表现出良好的电化学性能和优异的压缩稳定性。最后,使用可压缩的超级电容器来点亮LED灯,以展示其在柔性电子设备中的应用。这些优化的电化学和机械性能表明MF/Ni(OH)₂可作为可压缩超级电容器的应用中的候选电极。     

基于聚乙二醇接枝丙烯酸树酯光固化电解质的制备及性能研究

聚氧化乙烯(PEO)(聚乙二醇(PEG))和丙烯酸树脂在聚合物基电解质中具有很好的应用,本文通过紫外光引发单/双官能度的聚乙二醇接枝丙烯酸树脂单体聚合构建了离子电导率高、易于封装,可避免电解质泄漏的准固态聚合物电解质.通过调控聚乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(PEGDA)和甲氧基聚乙二醇单甲基丙烯酸酯(PEGMA)2种单体的比例以及锂盐溶液的含量,成功制备出具有高离电导率的准固态聚合物电解质.采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR),电化学工作站对PEGMA/PEGDA基聚合物电解质进行表征,研究各组分比例对电解质的电化学性能影响.当PEGMA/PEGDA单体比例为75/25,锂盐溶液的占比为75%时,形成的薄膜状态电解质表现出1.96×10^?3 S·cm^?1的高离子电导率,较原始配比提高了14倍.将制备的电解质应用于电致变色器件,在580个变色循环后,器件依然可以实现稳定快速的颜色切换,2种颜色变换时间均在3 s以内,本文中研究的聚醚接枝丙烯酸树酯基电解质材料在电致变色器件中有较好的应用前景.     

DISCUSSION ON TWO PROBLEMS OF THEORETICAL MECHANICS IN COLLEGE MECHANICS COMPETITION1)

针对两道力学竞赛试题,从欧拉动力学方程出发分别给出了更加简化的固连系选取方法,分别命名为"Serret-Andoyer近似固连系"和"虚固连系",在此基础上对第1届全国青年力学竞赛理论力学试题第9题,拓展讨论了大球同步旋转时,小球的稳 定性条件,结果表明后者的稳定临界转速要求更低,这将更有利于提高旋转结构的稳定性;对第12届全国周培源大学生力学 竞赛第3题,剖析了任一纬度的运动规律,发现当体系初始角动量为零时会出现一种简洁又优美的运动模式。     

Thermogravimetry study of the pyrolytic characteristics and kinetics of macro-algae Macrocystis pyrifera residue

Macrocystis pyrifera is one important marine macro-algae, while its residues produced by industrial alginate extraction is a hot potato. To figure out whether its residue is suitable for pyrolysis for biofuel, the pyrolytic characteristics and kinetics of macro-algae M. pyrifera residue was investigated using thermogravimetric method from 50 to 800 °C in an inert argon atmosphere at different heating rates of 5, 10, 20, and 30 °C min^?1. The activation energy and pre-exponential factor was calculated by Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose, and Popescu methods, and the kinetic mechanism was deduced by Popescu method. The results showed that the primary devolatilization stage of M. pyrifera residue can be described by Jander function $ \left(\left[ {1 - \left( {1 - \alpha } \right)^{1/3} } \right]^{2}\right) $ . The average activation energy of M. pyrifera residue was 222.4 kJ mol^?1. The results suggested that the experimental results and kinetic parameters provided useful information for the design of pyrolytic processing system using M. pyrifera residue as feedstock.     

Effect of magnetic and boundary parameters on flow characteristics analysis of micropolar ferrofluid through the shrinking sheet with effective thermal conductivity

Ferrofluids have many applications in mechanical and electrical engineering. In this paper, characteristics of ferrofluid over a shrinking sheet with effective thermal conductivity model are studied by the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) and Akbari-Ganji's method (AGM). Also, the Finite Element Method (FEM) has been applied for numerical solution. The governing equations formulated by the Tiwari-Das model. It is supposed that base fluid and nanoparticles are water and Fe₃O₄respectively. Effect of related parameters of micro-rotation velocity and dimensionless velocity have taken for suction and injection of mass transfer parameter. Results show that the magnetic and boundary parameters, in contrast to the micro-rotation parameter, have the same impact on velocity. Moreover, a comparison has been made between the results of this study with other researchers shows the impressive accuracy and efficiency of these methods.     

Effects of Gaussian thermal fluctuations on the thermodynamic of microtubules in Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson model

This paper investigates microtubule thermodynamic properties dependence on gaussian thermal fluctuations using the Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson model. After solving the self-consistent equation for thermal fluctuations, we observed its increasing behavior as a function of temperature for different dimensionality 1, 2 and 3. Thermodynamic properties such as Shannon entropy, thermodynamic entropy, heat capacity and chemical potential have been computed. We found out that under thermal fluctuations, heat capacity and chemical potential exhibit negative values that can refer to the coexistence of first and second order phase transitions during MT dynamic instability. We also found that thermodynamic properties are highly affected at low temperatures. Moreover, thermodynamic entropy locally displays the conversion of the heat into work through the negentropy. We analyzed the behavior of the polarization according to fluctuations and found that thermal fluctuations modulate the polarization and depolarization of tubulin dimers which is very important in information processing in microtubules.     

A plane wave least squares method for the Maxwell equations in anisotropic media

Numerical Algorithms - In this paper, we first consider the time-harmonic Maxwell equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions in three-dimensional anisotropic media, where the coefficients of the...